This FM provides the foundation for Army intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) synchronization doctrine and supersedes FMI 2-01 published in 2008. Its scope is ISR synchronization and intelligence support to ISR integration, and ISR during the planning and operations processes. Readers must understand FM 3-55 (when published) which describes the overarching doctrinal concepts for ISR as well as this FM to grasp the true importance of combined arms ISR operations. The Army’s warfighting doctrine, organizations, training, and operations continue to change in order to match the dangers and challenges of today’s operational environment. Therefore, FM 2-01 updates Army ISR synchronization doctrine to conform to the most current operational and intelligence doctrine. This FM complies with doctrine set forth in FM 2-0, 3-0, 5-0, 6-0, and FM 5-1 (when published). While applicable to all Army leaders, the primary audience for FM 2-01 is the intelligence and operations staff officers, who must work together to develop the ISR plan, and commanders, who must understand the importance of ISR synchronization as part of ISR planning and the operations process. This FM outlines intelligence responsibilities during planning and on-going operations, propagation of ISR information and intelligence, assessing, and updating ISR operations. There are four chapters and four appendixes. The introduction summarizes doctrinal changes that have occurred since the release of FMI 2-01, lays out the doctrinal framework and expands upon the manual’s purpose. Chapter 1 explains how ISR synchronization supports the full spectrum of operations; its role in the operations process; and how it relates to the intelligence warfighting function. Chapter 2 summarizes and defines key ISR synchronization terms and concepts within combined arms and intelligence doctrine and directly links them to battle command. Chapter 3 describes intelligence support and ISR planning during the military decision-making process (MDMP). Chapter 4 details the ISR synchronization process after the completion of planning when operations are underway. Appendix A explains the requirements development process from the initial information requirements, through prioritization process, to the formulation of specific information requirements (SIRs), to the development of ISR tasks that are used to direct ISR operations. Appendix B describes ISR synchronization training and resources available at the US Army Intelligence Center. Appendix C discusses Joint, national, and multinational ISR planning considerations. Appendix D describes DCGS-A enabled ISR planning and operations
Cyberspies have penetrated the U.S. electrical grid and left behind software programs that could be used to disrupt the system, according to current and former national-security officials. The spies came from China, Russia and other countries, these officials said, and were believed to be on a mission to navigate the U.S. electrical system and its controls. The intruders haven’t sought to damage the power grid or other key infrastructure, but officials warned they could try during a crisis or war. “The Chinese have attempted to map our infrastructure, such as the electrical grid,” said a senior intelligence official. “So have the Russians.” The espionage appeared pervasive across the U.S. and doesn’t target a particular company or region, said a former Department of Homeland Security official. “There are intrusions, and they are growing,” the former official said, referring to electrical systems. “There were a lot last year.” …. “Over the past several years, we have seen cyberattacks against critical infrastructures abroad, and many of our own infrastructures are as vulnerable as their foreign counterparts,” Director of National Intelligence Dennis Blair recently told lawmakers. “A number of nations, including Russia and China, can disrupt elements of the U.S. information infrastructure.” … Under the Bush administration, Congress approved $17 billion in secret funds to protect government networks, according to people familiar with the budget. The Obama administration is weighing whether to expand the program to address vulnerabilities in private computer networks, which would cost billions of dollars more. A senior Pentagon official said Tuesday the Pentagon has spent $100 million in the past six months repairing cyber damage.
Two Lebanese men and a Palestinian have confessed to supplying Israeli intelligence agents with information regarding Hezbollah’s activities, media outlets in Lebanon reported on Tuesday. The three men were arrested on Saturday for allegedly transferring sensitive information to Israel’s Mossad spy agency. According to the Lebanese newspaper Al-Akhbar, their alleged espionage was exposed during an investigation of a retired Lebanese general also suspected of spying on behalf of Israel.
Google probing possible inside help on attack - Yahoo! News Source: news.yahoo.com ![]()
SHANGHAI (Reuters) – Google is investigating whether one or more employees may have helped facilitate a cyber-attack that the U.S. search giant said it was a victim of in mid-December, two sources told Reuters on Monday.
Google, the world’s most popular search engine, said last week it may pull out of the world’s biggest Internet market by users after reporting it had been hit by a “sophisticated” cyber-attack on its network that resulted in theft of its intellectual property.
The sources, who are familiar with the situation, told Reuters that the attack, which targeted people who have access to specific parts of Google networks, may have been facilitated by people working in Google China’s office.
“We’re not commenting on rumor and speculation. This is an ongoing investigation, and we simply cannot comment on the details,” a Google spokeswoman said.
FBI broke law for years in phone record searches Source: www.washingtonpost.com

The FBI illegally collected more than 2,000 U.S. telephone call records between 2002 and 2006 by invoking terrorism emergencies that did not exist or simply persuading phone companies to provide records, according to internal bureau memos and interviews. FBI officials issued approvals after the fact to justify their actions.
E-mails obtained by The Washington Post detail how counterterrorism officials inside FBI headquarters did not follow their own procedures that were put in place to protect civil liberties. The stream of urgent requests for phone records also overwhelmed the FBI communications analysis unit with work that ultimately was not connected to imminent threats.
A Justice Department inspector general’s report due out this month is expected to conclude that the FBI frequently violated the law with its emergency requests, bureau officials confirmed.
The records seen by The Post do not reveal the identities of the people whose phone call records were gathered, but FBI officials said they thought that nearly all of the requests involved terrorism investigations.
FBI general counsel Valerie Caproni said in an interview Monday that the FBI technically violated the Electronic Communications Privacy Act when agents invoked nonexistent emergencies to collect records.
“We should have stopped those requests from being made that way,” she said. The after-the-fact approvals were a “good-hearted but not well-thought-out” solution to put phone carriers at ease, she said. In true emergencies, Caproni said, agents always had the legal right to get phone records, and lawyers have now concluded there was no need for the after-the-fact approval process. “What this turned out to be was a self-inflicted wound,” she said.
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